SUMMARY Legacy Chiller Systems – Common chiller refrigerant color codes and refrigeration oils. SYMPTOMS Legacy Chiller Systems – Information on common chiller refrigerant color codes and refrigeration oils. RELATED DOCUMENTS Refrigerant Color Codes and Oil Uses
Heat Loss Uninsulated Copper Pipes
SYMPTOMS Heat loss from 1/2″ to 4″ uninsulated copper pipes Heat loss from 1/2″ to 4″ copper pipes or tubes at various temperature differences between the pipe and the surrounding air, can be found in the table below: RELATED DOCUMENTS Heat Loss Uninsulated Copper Pipes
NEMA – IEC Enclosure Standards
SYMPTOMS NEMA enclosure classifications are developed by NEMA and used in the U.S./American market. Ingress Protection -IP – ratings are developed by the European Committee for Electro Technical Standardization (CENELEC) (described IEC/EN 60529), and specifies the environmental protection and enclosure provided. RELATED DOCUMENTS NEMA – IEC Enclosure Standards
Electrical Definitions, Terms, and Formulas
SUMMARY This article contains information on electrical definitions, terms, and formulas. Formulas for voltage, amperage, ohms, and many more. SYMPTOMS • Volts – The units of electrical potential or motive force. The force is required to send one ampere of current through one ohm of resistance. • Ohms – The units of resistance. One ohm […]
Copper Piping Water Velocity Limits
SUMMARY This article gives information about copper piping’s water velocity limits. In order to provide erosion, corrosion, and excecssive noise generation, water velocity must be controlled. SYMPTOMS The water velocity in copper pipes should be kept within certain limits to avoid erosion, corrosion and excessive noise generation. RELATED DOCUMENTS Copper Pipe – Water Velocity Limits […]
Copper Pipes – Insulation and Heat Loss
SUMMARY This article shows the heat loss from an insulated copper pipe or tube to the surrounding air. Details can be found in the included table. SYMPTOMS The heat loss from an insulated copper pipe or tube to the surrounding air can be found in the table below. RELATED DOCUMENTS Copper Pipes – Insulation and […]
Centrifugal Pumps – Adapt Pump Capacities to Process Demand
SUMMARY This article is dedicated to explaining centrifugal pumps and the often necessary need to adapt pump capacities to process demand.” SYMPTOMS Discharge Regulation of Centrifugal Pumps Adapting pump capacities to process demand It is often necessary to adapt the pump capacity to a temporary or permanent change in the process demand. RELATED DOCUMENTS Discharge […]